Phytochemicals and Antioxidants Analysis of Black Plum

This study was carried out to analyze the phytochemicals and antioxidants in black plum. Black plum (Syzygium cumini) has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant. Different parts of the plant (for example bark, leaves, seeds, and fruit) have been employed in the treatment of various diseases. Black plum (Syzygium cumini) fruit juice has been utilized orally, to treat gastric complaints, diabetes, and dysentery. All parts of the black plum (Syzygium cumini) can be used medicinally and it has a long tradition in alternative medicine. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds in plants that contribute to their therapeutic properties. Black Plum (Syzygium cumini) is found to be rich in tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenol, cardiac glycosides, and among other phyto- constituents in different parts of the tree. Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, and is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The bioactive constituents present in black plum roots using ethyl acetate extract are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycoside and steroid. The bioactive constituent present in black plum root using ethanol extract are flavonoids, phenol, cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins and terpenoids. For the antioxidant analysis of black plum root using ethyl acetate and ethanol extract, the graph as presented in 4.1.6 and 4.1.7 in this study shows that the concentration independent activity for both standard and extract. For the ethanol extract, the highest value of percentage inhibition for standard and extract was observed at 60μg/ml of 87.82% mean inhibition. For the ethyl acetate extract, the highest value of percentage for both standard and extract was observed at 100μg/ml of 94.03% mean inhibition.