Analysis of Cost Control Practice in the Nigeria Construction Industry

Abstract Cost control remains one of the most critical aspects of construction management, as it ensures that projects are executed within the approved budget while achieving the desired quality and timely delivery. This study focuses on the analysis of cost control practices in the Nigerian construction industry, with the aim of evaluating the techniques employed, challenges encountered, and their effectiveness in achieving cost efficiency in construction projects. The research adopted a descriptive survey design, and data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to construction professionals, including quantity surveyors, engineers, architects, and project managers working within selected firms in Nigeria. Secondary data were also obtained from relevant journals, textbooks, and official project reports. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools to determine the extent of cost control practice and its impact on project performance. Findings revealed that while several cost control techniques such as budgeting, cost forecasting, variance analysis, and earned value management are widely recognized, their implementation is often hindered by factors such as inaccurate cost estimation, inflation, material price fluctuations, poor project planning, and lack of skilled personnel. It was also discovered that projects with well-established cost control systems tend to perform better in terms of financial discipline, timely delivery, and client satisfaction. The study concludes that effective cost control is a vital tool for improving productivity and profitability in the Nigerian construction sector. It recommends that construction firms adopt modern cost management technologies, improve the training of cost engineers and project managers, and establish transparent monitoring systems to enhance financial accountability throughout the project lifecycle.