Invitro Evaluation of Bitter Leaf Extract Against Some Fish Bacteria
Student: Omolola Ayoola (Project, 2025)
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State
Abstract
This research investigates the antibacterial activity of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) extract against selected bacterial pathogens isolated from African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The study addresses the growing concern over antibiotic resistance in aquaculture and explores bitter leaf as a natural, eco-friendly alternative to synthetic antibiotics. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Using agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods, the extract exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity. Notably, it showed strong inhibition against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., and Shigella spp., with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations ranging from 100–200 μg/mL. Salmonella spp., however, was resistant to the extract. These findings suggest that bitter leaf extract holds potential as a sustainable antimicrobial agent in aquaculture, warranting further research and standardization for practical application.
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For the full publication, please contact the author directly at: omololaayoola2024@gmail.com
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Institutions
- Abdul-Gusau Polytechnic, Talata-Mafara, Zamfara State 3
- Abia State Polytechnic, Aba, Abia State 24
- Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State 71
- Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Igbo, Ogun State 3
- Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State 15
- Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi State. (affiliated To Atbu Bauchi) 1
- Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State 6
- Adamawa State University, Mubi, Adamawa State 8
- Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State 26
- Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State 1