Molecular Detection of Microsporodium Species in Selected Food Samples Collected from Street Vendors in Fagge Lga Kano State

ABSTRACT
Microsporidiosis, caused by the obligate intracellular parasite Microsporidia, poses a significant threat to public health, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. The disease is primarily transmitted through contaminated water and the fecal-oral route, with poor sanitation and hygiene contributing to its transmission. This study investigated the presence of Microsporidia in street-vended foods, revealing substandard hygiene practices and a high prevalence of contamination. Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), 50% i.e. 4 out of 8 of the samples tested positive for Microsporidia, indicating potential foodborne transmission. Notably, tilapia fish showed the highest prevalence of microsporidia, with 25% of the samples testing positive. These findings highlight the urgent need for improved food safety practices, particularly sanitation and hygiene. Education and awareness campaigns can mitigate the spread of Microsporidiosis, emphasizing proper nutrition and hygiene practices. Further research with diverse food samples from various geographical areas is necessary to determine the actual causes of contamination. The study results have significant implications for public health policy and practice, underscoring the need for increased vigilance in handling and consuming high-risk foods like tilapia. By addressing knowledge gaps and promoting evidence-based practices, we can reduce the burden of Microsporidiosis and promote a safer food supply chain.