Prevalence and Pattern of Risk Factors and Management of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus Among Children Managed in Physiotherapy Department in Kano City: a 10-Year Retrospective Study

Background: Clubfoot is the most common musculoskeletal birth defect
worldwide characterized by hindfoot equinus, midfoot cavus, and forefoot
adduction.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and
pattern of risk factors and management of congenital talipes equinovarus among
children managed in physiotherapy department in Kano city and its association
with socio demographics variables.
Methodology: A total of 2800 case folders were retrieved and reviewed in this
study. Out of which 13 case folders were selected using the convenience
sampling technique in this retrospective study. Relevant data were obtained
using Data capture form (proforma). Descriptive statistics of frequencies,
percentage and tables were used to summarize the data. The inferential statistics
of chi square was used to further analyze the association using Statistical
Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0; alpha level was set at 0.05.
Results: The prevalence was found to be 0.5 with 46.2 % in female and 53.8%
in male. The age range of the mothers and the child with the highest percentage
was 26-30years (46.2%) and >36 month (38.5%) respectively. The pattern of
risk factors with highest percentage was maternal age (46.2%). Majority of the
participant were given IRR (69.2%) as pattern of treatment. There was no
statistical significant association between prevalence of CTEV and the socio-

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demographics variable among participants.
Conclusion: It was concluded that there was low prevalence (0.5) of congenital
talipes equinovarus among children managed in physiotherapy department in
Kano city and pattern of risk factors with highest percentage was found to be
maternal age and pattern of management with highest percentage was found to
be Infrared radiation.