Antibacteria Activity of Cold Aqueous Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (zobo) on Salmonella Species

ABSTRACT
This research work was carried out to isolate and identify antibacteria activity of cold aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Zobo) on salmonella. Fresh Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces were obtained from a local farm in Nasarawa town of Nasarawa State. The calyces were washed thoroughly with distilled water, shade-dried for 7 days, and pulverized using a laboratory blender into fine powder. The powder was stored in airtight containers until extraction. The calyces were washed thoroughly with distilled water, shade-dried for 7 days, and pulverized using a laboratory blender into fine powder. The powder was stored in airtight containers until extraction. Preliminary phytochemical screening of Hibiscus sabdariffa unveil the presence of saponins, glycoside, sterols, terpenoids and flavonoids in aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa plant calyces, while tannins and alkaloids were absent in the plant calyces. The antibacterial activity of the extracts had been attributed to the presence of saponins and flavonoids which have been found present in this plant. Alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins have been known to show medicinal activity as well as exhibiting physiological activity. Tannins in plants have been shown to confer antidiarrhoeic properties on plants. The study recommends that phytochemical characterization of the leave extract should be done in order to identify the specific compound (s) involved in the observed of anti-hyperlipidemic activities.