Effect of Allium Sativum Bulb Aqueous Extract on Selected Enzymatic Antioxidant Parameters of Nicotinamide and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

This study was aimed to investigate Allium sativum antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of on selected enzymatic antioxidant activity in nicotinamide and streptozotocin induced diabetic wistar rats. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Allium sativum is known for its biological properties- particularly its antidiabetic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. Thirty (30) wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Positive control (PC), Negative Control (NC), Glibenclamide Reference Drug Control (RDC, 5 mg/kg body weight), test groups administered 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Allium sativum respectively. All groups except the positive control were induced with diabetes using Nicotinamide and streptozotocin injected intraperitoneally. Allium sativum bulb revealed a rich nutritional profile containing carbohydrate, protein, moisture, ash, crude lipid, and crude fiber. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed active phytoconstituents known for medicinal values, including allicin, Allin, diallyl sulfide, coumaric acid, dithin, and cholestance. Allium sativum extract showed strong ability to scavenge free radicals with strongest effect observed at 500 µg/mL. Treatment with Allium satium extract showed a significant (p