Serum Level of High Density Lipoprotein and Low Density Lipoprotein in Female Obese Albino Wistar Rat Treated With Kolaviron from Garnician Kola

Obesity has emerged as a complex global health issue characterised by excessive body fat accumulation with a BMI of 30 or higher. Kolaviron is a natural bioactive compound extracted from the seeds of garnicia kola. In metabolic syndrome kolaviron has demonstrated the ability to reduce hyperglycaemia, alleviate dyslipidaemia and improve insulin sensitivity. In this study fresh bitter kola (garnicia kola) was bought from international market ebonyi state, the kolaviron extraction was carried out according to the method of iwu (1985). 5 weeks old albino Wistar rat were also purchased, the animals were divided into five groups and acclimatized under standard condition. Group 1(control) was fed with normal chow while group 2 – group 5 were fed with high fat diet. The initial BMI of all 5 groups were almost alike, after 8 weeks of feeding the BMI of all groups had a significant increase. During treatment there was a significant reduction in the BMI of group (3,4 and5) treated with kolaviron, zinc and standard drugs on comparing with group 2 which is untreated. After treatment for 21 days the fasting blood glucose level of all groups were determined and insulin injection was given Intraperitoneal at time intervals (0 – 30 mins). The untreated group was seen to have a very high blood glucose level (368 -258mg/dL) even after been injected with insulin while the treated group had a normal range of blood glucose level (75.2 -98.5mg/dL). It is therefore evident that the treatment on the rats has helped mop up fatty acid, lipoprotein that increases blood glucose level and insulin resistance was developed in group2. The result based on the lipid levels shows that: for the treated group the normal range in blood glucose level causes an increase in the level of HDL, and a decrease in the level of LDL, VLDL and atherogenic index. For the untreated the elevated blood glucose causes a decrease in the HDL level and an increase in the level of LDL, VLDL and atherogenic index increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Obesity, kolaviron, blood glucose level, HDL, LDL, VLDL and atherogenic index.