A Critical Discourse Analysis of Selected Campaign Speeches from the 2023 Nigerian Presidential Election

ABSTRACTThis study presents a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the campaign speeches delivered by Bola Ahmed Tinubu, Atiku Abubakar, and Peter Obi during the 2023 Nigerian Presidential Election. The analysis focuses on how language was strategically used to construct political identities, promote ideological positions, and influence public perception. Drawing on van Dijk’s model of political discourse and Fairclough’s framework for CDA, the research examines the linguistic and rhetorical devices employed by the candidates to appeal to the electorate. Key themes explored include the portrayal of leadership qualities, national unity, and socio-political issues such as corruption, security, and economic development. The study also analyzes the discursive strategies used to position opponents, construct political legitimacy, and mobilize support. Findings suggest that each candidate utilized distinct narrative strategies to frame their vision for Nigeria’s future, while subtly reinforcing or challenging prevailing power structures. The study underscores the role of language in shaping electoral outcomes and highlights the significance of discourse in the political process. By analyzing these speeches, this paper contributes to the understanding of political communication in the Nigerian context and offers insights into the broader dynamics of political discourse in election campaigns.