Synthesis and Characterization of Isonicotinohydrazide Derivatives; Reaction of Isatin, Benzylisatin With Isoniazid

Isoniazid (INH) is a key first-line drug for tuberculosis (TB) treatment and has played a crucial role in managing the disease since its discovery. However, the growing resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to this drug poses significant challenges to its long-term effectiveness. This research seeks to address these concerns by synthesizing new Schiff base derivatives of isonicotinoyl hydrazide (isoniazid) from isonicotinic acid, with the aim of improving therapeutic efficacy. The study follows a structured approach, including the synthesis of isonicotinoyl chloride, the preparation of isonicotinylhydrazide, and the development of Schiff bases. The resulting compounds are analyzed uSsing advanced spectroscopic methods to verify their structure and potential effectiveness. As multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) TB cases continue to rise, the creation of novel isoniazid derivatives is essential to enhance drug properties and counteract resistance mechanisms. This research highlights the need for ongoing advancements in TB treatment, offering valuable insights into the potential of these derivatives to combat resistance and improve patient outcomes. Ultimately, the findings could support future efforts to develop more effective TB therapies, contributing to global health initiatives aimed at controlling the disease.