Assessment of Food Consumption and Micronutrient Intake Among Adolescents in Some Part of Bauchi State

Abstract Adolescence is a critical period for growth and development, requiring adequate nutrition to support physical and cognitive functions. However, inadequate food consumption and poor micronutrient intake remain major concerns among adolescents, particularly in low- and middle-income regions. This study assessed food consumption patterns and micronutrient intake among adolescents in Bauchi State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 100 adolescents, covering demographic information, food consumption patterns, micronutrient intake and awareness, factors influencing dietary choices, and attitudes toward nutrition. The findings revealed that 61% of respondents consumed three meals per day, while 23% had only two meals daily. Snacking was common (66%), with a high intake of sugary snacks (30% daily). Staple foods such as rice and beans were the most frequently consumed, whereas protein-rich foods like meat, fish, and eggs were consumed less frequently. Vegetable and fruit intake was low, with only 28% consuming leafy greens daily and 21% consuming fruits daily. Micronutrient awareness was relatively high for iron (76%) and vitamin A (90%), but lower for iodine (58%), zinc (65%), and folate (58%). Despite awareness, micronutrient intake remained inadequate, with only 18% consuming red meat daily and 45% rarely or never eating seafood (a key source of zinc and iodine).Economic constraints were a major factor influencing dietary choices, with 54% of respondents citing the cost of healthy foods as the main barrier. Other factors included lack of knowledge (29%), limited food variety (9%), and peer influence (3%). Although 78% of respondents believed nutrition was important, their dietary habits did not always align with their knowledge. The study concludes that adolescents in Bauchi State are at risk of poor dietary diversity and micronutrient deficiencies due to economic limitations, poor food choices, and inadequate nutrition awareness. It recommends nutrition education programs, increased access to affordable nutritious foods, and policy interventions to improve adolescent health.