Influence of Curriculum Design in Developing Critical Thinking Skills Among Secondary School Students in Esan West Local Government of Edo State

This study examines the influence of curriculum design on the development of critical
thinking skills among secondary school students in Esan West L.G.A. The research
aimed to compare the effectiveness of traditional and modern curriculum designs,
evaluate the role of active learning strategies, investigate the impact of technology
integration, and assess challenges faced by teachers in implementing curricula that
promote critical thinking. Four research questions and corresponding hypotheses
guided the study. A descriptive research design was adopted, with a sample of 150
participants (100 students and 50 teachers) selected using a stratified random
sampling technique. Data was collected using researcher-administered questionnaires,
ensuring a 100% response rate. Descriptive statistical methods, including frequency
distribution and percentage analysis, were employed to interpret the results. The
findings revealed that modern curricula, which emphasize inquiry-based learning and
problem-solving, are more effective in fostering critical thinking than traditional
curricula that rely on rote memorization. Active learning strategies, such as group
discussions and debates, significantly enhance students' critical thinking abilities,
though their consistent implementation remains a challenge. Additionally, technology
integration positively impacts students’ critical thinking, but limited access to digital
tools in some schools restricts its effectiveness. Teachers face challenges such as
inadequate resources, large class sizes, and insufficient training, which hinder the full
implementation of critical thinking-oriented curricula. The study recommends revising
curriculum designs to emphasize inquiry-based learning, promoting active learning
strategies, and enhancing technology integration in schools. Increased access to
digital tools and better teacher training are essential to overcoming existing
challenges. These findings highlight the need for continuous educational reforms to
strengthen critical thinking development among secondary school students in Esan
West L.G.A.