Assessment of Bolton’s Ratio Among Male Wind and Non-Wind Instrument Players in Kano State Metropolis.

Student: Surajo Muhammad Umar (Project, 2025)
Department of Dentistry and Dental Surgery
Bayero University, Kano, Kano State

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the Bolton ratios (overall and anterior) across different age groups among non-wind instrument players (Non-WIPs) and wind instrument players (WIPs), with the goal of comparing these ratios to the established Bolton norms. The study revealed that the overall ratios for Non-WIPs were generally higher than Bolton's norm, with the 31-37 years age group showing the highest mean value. Conversely, WIPs exhibited overall ratios closer to Bolton’s norm, with no significant differences in the anterior ratio. For Non-WIPs, the anterior ratios showed significant differences from Bolton’s established values, especially in the 31-37 years and 25-30 years age groups. The study also compared WIPs and Non-WIPs, finding a significant difference in the overall ratio, though no significant difference in the anterior ratio. These results suggest potential differences in dental morphology based on lifestyle factors, such as age and instrument-playing habits.

Keywords
assessment bolton ratio non-wind instrument players state metropolis
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