Phytochemical Screening and Anti Microbial Activities of Independent Leave Extract

Student: Waliyat Adunola Adetunji (Project, 2025)
Department of Microbiology
Lens Polytechnic, offa, Kwara State.

Abstract

The study investigated the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Chromolaena odorata leaf extracts using aqueous and ethanolic solvents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, tannins, carbohydrates, and phenols in the ethanolic extract, while the aqueous extract contained terpenoids, phlobatannins, and carbohydrates. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans using the agar well diffusion method. The ethanolic extract exhibited antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones of 12 mm for S. aureus, 8 mm for S. typhi, 10 mm for E. coli, and 12 mm for C. albicans. The aqueous extract showed no antimicrobial activity. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests confirmed that the ethanolic extract had a bacteriostatic effect at concentrations of 160 mg/ml and higher. The findings suggest that Chromolaena odorata contains bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties, particularly in ethanolic extracts. Further research is recommended to isolate active compounds, optimize extraction methods, and explore the plant’s pharmaceutical potential.

Keywords
study investigated phytochemical composition antimicrobial activity chromolaena odorata extracts using
Filters
Institutions