Elite Fragmentation and Development Crisis in Nigeria

Nigeria's development trajectory has been marred by recurring crises, with elite fragmentation identified as a significant contributory factor. This study examined the relationship between elite fragmentation and development crises in Nigeria, identified factors responsible for elite fragmentation, and established the roles of Nigerian elites in the national development process. A correlational study design was employed, with a sample of 100 people selected using simple random sampling from the targeted population. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire and analysed using the chi-square test. The study findings revealed a significant relationship between elite fragmentation and development crises in Nigeria. Factors influencing elite fragmentation included competition for power and historical grievances, ethnic affiliations, ideological differences, personal interests, and ambitions. Strategies for addressing elite fragmentation were identified as fostering unity among Nigerian elites, addressing historical grievances, regulating hate speech, building elite consensus through dialogue, and promoting inclusive governance. The study recommends that policymakers and stakeholders prioritise the implementation of these strategies to mitigate elite fragmentation and promote national development. Specifically, fostering elite consensus through dialogue and promoting inclusive governance is crucial in addressing the historical grievances and personal interests that underpin elite fragmentation. Additionally, regulating hate speech and promoting national unity can help to reduce ethnic and ideological differences that contribute to elite fragmentation. This study contributes to the existing literature on elite fragmentation and development crises, providing empirical evidence on the significance of elite consensus in promoting national development. The findings have implications for policy and practice, highlighting the need for a concerted effort to address elite fragmentation and promote inclusive governance in Nigeria.