Determination of the Larvicidal Activity of Ocimum Basilicum Fresh and Dry Leaves Essential Oil on Anopheles Gambiae 2nd Instar Larvae

Student: Onyinyechi Janet Ezika (Project, 2025)
Department of Science Laboratory Technology
Federal Polytechnic, Oko, Anambra State

Abstract

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the larvicidal activity of Ocimum basilicum fresh and dry leaves essential oils against 2nd instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae. Essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves were extracted by steam distillation using Clevenger apparatus and tested against Anopheles gambiae second instar larvae. The essential oil of Ocimum basilicum fresh and dry leaves demonstrated an efficient toxic effect against the 2nd instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae with high rate of mortality after 24hours. The mortality percentage values of the essential oil from Ocimum basilicum fresh leaves obtained 2hours and 24hours post exposure (10% and 80%) at different concentrations (5,10, 15, 20 and 25mg/l). The mortality percentage values of essential oil from Ocimum basilicum dry leaves obtained 2hours and 24hours post exposure (30% and 100%) for 2nd instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae. The essential oil of Ocimum basilicum demonstrated a good efficacy against the 2nd instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae and could be suitable for use in mosquito control programme for public health purposes.     

Keywords
Larvicidal essential oil mosquito public health efficacy Anopheles gambiae Ocimum basilicum larvae.
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