The Effect of Poisoning on the Decomposition Rates and Patterns of Big and Small Surface Disposed Pig Carcasses.

ABSTRACT Poisoning is a significant contributor to wildlife mortality, yet its impact on carrion decomposition remains poorly understood. This study explores the influence of poisoning on the decomposition rates and patterns of large and small pig carcasses disposed of on the surface. The research was conducted at the Department of Anatomy Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (DAFARF) using domestic pigs (Sus scrofa). Two pigs were poisoned and placed in cages to prevent scavenger interference. The adult poisoned pig decomposed rapidly, particularly during the early stages, with the bloat phase lasting just two days. There was a notable reduction in the cadaver decomposition island, decreased maggot activity, and lower levels of maggot colonization during the advanced stage of decomposition. Conversely, the juvenile carcass exhibited slower decomposition in the early stages, with the bloat phase extending over four days, and advanced decay occurring by day sixteen. However, the decomposition rate accelerated during the active decay stage for the juvenile pig, surpassing the adult pig in the decomposition process, leading to skeletonization earlier in the juvenile than the adult. this study highlights the significant impact of poisoning on the decomposition process, with poisoned carcasses showing altered patterns of decay. The rapid early-stage decomposition in adults contrasts with the more prolonged early stages in juveniles. These findings offer valuable insights into the influence of toxic substances on cadaver decomposition, which could have important implications for both forensic and ecological studies.