Assessment of Dust Emission from Limestone Quarrying at Mbaiyon Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Quarrying is an activity where stones are dug for building and road construction purposes through cutting, digging or blasting. Quarrying activities play a vital role to economic growth but with attendant environmental challenges. This study investigates the assessment of dust emissions implications of quarrying activities in Mbaiyon Gboko Dangode Limestone Quarry in Benue State. The gravimetric method was employed to assess particulate matter (PM10) concentrations in the quarry environment, while X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis was used to analyze the elemental constituents of particulate matter samples collected. Questionnaires were administered to gather information on health perceptions and impacts from workers in the quarry site. The information collected was analyzed using Microsoft Excel to generate frequencies and statistical graphs. Results indicated the presence of particulate matter in the air, with PM10 concentrations ranging from 11.574µg/m3 to 13.014µg/m3. Elemental analysis revealed the presence of (oxygen, aluminum, silicon, calcium, and other elements) in the particulate matter samples. Questionnaire responses highlighted various health issues attributed to dust exposure, including respiratory problems and waterborne diseases (cholera and typhoid). Despite environmental and health concerns, pollutant concentrations were generally below WHO Air Quality Guidelines limits. Recommendations include implementing dust control measures, conducting regular health monitoring, and strengthening environmental regulations to mitigate impacts of quarrying activities on workers.