Comparative Analysis of Construction Cost in Rural and Urban Area

This research investigates the comparative analysis of construction costs in urban and rural areas, using Lagos, Nigeria, and Ede, Osun State, as case studies. The study examines the factors influencing construction costs, the impact of location specific variables and the role of construction regulations and permits between urban and rural projects. A mixed-method approach was adopted, integrating quantitative data collected through structured questionnaires and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews distributed to construction professionals, including architects, quantity surveyors, contractors, real estate developers and material suppliers. A total 80 questionnaires were distributed and successfully retrieved, ensuring a comprehensive dataset for analysis. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative analysis to identify patterns, relationships and significant differences between the two regions. The findings reveal that construction costs are higher in urban areas due to increased labor demand, material costs, and stricter regulatory. Conversely, rural areas benefit from reduced costs but face challenges such as limited professional expertise, poor infrastructure, and lower compliance with building standards. The study highlights the impact of location specific factors, such as transportation costs, land availability and resource accessibility, on overall construction expenses. It also emphasizes the role of regulations in maintaining project quality in urban areas while identifying gaps in enforcement in rural regions. The study concludes with recommendations to harmonize construction practices and improve cost efficiency in both urban and rural contexts, ensuring equitable development and sustainability