Macrophytes Distribution in Relation to Sediment Composition of Kandolla Shella Stream, Sokoto

Macrophytes play an important role in aquatic ecosystems by improving biodiversity, stabilizing sediments, and contributing to nutrient cycling. Kandola Shella Stream provide suitable habitat for diverse organisms especially macrophytes for survival. This study aimed to evaluate Macrophytes diversity in relation to sediment composition within Kandola Shella Stream, located at Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (UDUS), Nigeria. The stream was divided into three sections (A, B, and C) for assessment. Field surveys and laboratory analyses were conducted to identify Macrophytes species and examine sediment physicochemical properties. A total of 17 Macrophytes species from 11 families were identified. Emergent species dominated the stream, accounting for 53% of all observed species. At location A, Pistia stratiotes was most abundant, while Nymphaea lotus and Panicum hemitomen dominated at location B. At location C, Azolla pinnata was the predominant species. Sediment analysis revealed slightly acidic conditions across all sections, with pH values ranging from 6.53 to 6.62. Electrical conductivity (EC) was highest at location A, reflecting potential variations in ion concentrations. Nutrient analysis showed fluctuations in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels across the sections. Heavy metal concentrations revealed consistent cadmium levels, with elevated copper and lead concentrations observed at location A. The study evaluate the connection between sediment composition and Macrophytes diversity, showcasing its importance for managing water quality and promoting conservation efforts. It is recommended that periodic monitoring of sediment composition and Macrophytes diversity be conducted to guide sustainable management of Kandola Shella Stream.