Assessment of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Digital Eye Strain Among Basic Medical Science Students at Northwest University, Kano

ABSTRACT This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of Digital Eye Strain (DES) among Basic Medical Science students at Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano. With the increasing reliance on digital devices for academic activities, students face symptoms such as dryness, headaches, blurred vision, and eye fatigue, which may hinder their academic performance and quality of life. Despite its growing significance, limited data exist on how screen time, demographic, and behavioural factors contribute to DES in this specific population. The study employed a cross-sectional design using a Google Forms questionnaire distributed to randomly selected students aged 18 to 30 years. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Excel to identify associations between screen use and symptom severity. Findings indicate a high prevalence of DES symptoms, particularly among senior students and females who engage in prolonged screen use for both study and recreational purposes. Many students reported symptoms but rarely adopted preventive measures such as blue light filters or regular eye breaks. Environmental factors like poor lighting and device ergonomics further aggravated symptoms, while multitasking on multiple devices increased eye strain risk. Despite extensive digital engagement, a notable proportion of students preferred physical books, suggesting a need for balanced learning approaches. The study confirms that screen time and behavioural patterns strongly influence DES severity, underscoring the urgent need for awareness and eye health interventions Recommendations target students, parents, educators, and health professionals to promote healthier screen habits, ergonomic workstations, and regular eye care. Further research is suggested to examine long-term effects, intervention efficacy, and technological aids. Understanding student attitudes toward DES will help tailor effective preventive strategies. Keywords: Digital Eye Strain, screen time, Basic Medical Science students, eye health, ergonomics, preventive measures