Evaluation of Tensile and Impact Strength of Sawdust-Reinforced Lldpe Polymer Composites

Student: Fatima Adamu (Project, 2025)
Department of Pure and Applied Biology
Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State

Abstract

This study investigates the tensile and impact properties of sawdust-reinforced linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) polymer composites. Sawdust, a renewable and low-cost filler, was incorporated into LLDPE at varying proportions to evaluate its effect on mechanical performance. The composites were prepared using a two-roll mill and compression moulding technique, and tested according to ASTM standards for tensile and impact strength. Results revealed that the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing sawdust content, while stiffness (elastic modulus) increased, indicating improved rigidity. The impact strength followed a similar trend, with samples containing moderate sawdust proportions showing optimal toughness. Excessive filler loading, however, reduced both tensile and impact resistance due to weak interfacial bonding between sawdust and the polymer matrix. The study concludes that moderate sawdust reinforcement provides an effective balance between strength, stiffness, and flexibility. These findings demonstrate the potential of sawdust-LLDPE composites as cost-effective and eco-friendly materials for industrial applications, particularly where moderate load-bearing and impact resistance are required.

Keywords
sawdust composites LLDPE tensile strength impact resistance polymer blends mechanical properties industrial chemistry eco-friendly materials filler optimization sustainable materials
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