Resistance of Anopheles Mosquitoes to Permethrin and Deltamethrin in Ukwuani Lga Delta State

Student: Peace Onyeka Ikwuedu (Project, 2025)
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology
Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State

Abstract

This study investigated into the RESISTANCE OF ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES TO PERMETRIN AND DELTAMETHRIN IN UKWUANI LGA,DELTA STATE with particular emphasis on the efficacy of permethrin and deltamethrin insecticides, as well as the effects of the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO). The results demonstrated that the local mosquito population was resistant to both permethrin (82%) and deltamethrin (86%), above the resistance threshold of 89%. However, when PBO was combined with these insecticides, mortality rates increased significantly, with permethrin + PBO causing 96% mortality and deltamethrin + PBO causing 100% mortality. This shows that PBO effectively inhibits detoxification enzymes that cause to pesticide resistance, hence restoring insecticide efficacy.Furthermore, the knockdown time data showed that permethrin alone was less effective, resulting in longer knockdown periods. In contrast, the combination of PBO with deltamethrin resulted in much shorter knockdown periods, indicating improved speed and effectiveness. The findings highlight the need of including synergists such as PBO into vector control programs to address pesticide resistance. Continuous monitoring and the incorporation of PBO into pesticide application programs are recommended to ensure that mosquito control tactics remain effective in malaria prevention.

Keywords
Resistance pyrethroid synergist ukwuani mosquitoes diseases effectiveness Health control
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