Nigerian Federalism and Local Government Autonomy (a Case Study of Kaduna North)

Abstract This research examines the impact of federalism on local government autonomy in Nigeria, with a focus on Kaduna North Local Government. Federalism, a system that divides powers across different levels of government, plays a crucial role in Nigeria’s diverse and complex governance structure. The study explores how Nigeria’s federal system affects local governance, particularly the autonomy of local governments in service delivery, democratic engagement, and financial management. A multi-sampling approach was employed, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data gathered through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews with local government officials and community stakeholders. The findings reveal that despite constitutional provisions for autonomy, Kaduna North Local Government faces significant constraints due to state-level control, financial dependency, and limited administrative authority. These challenges hinder the council's ability to operate independently, impacting its capacity for effective service delivery and grassroots democracy. Recent developments, such as the Supreme Court's ruling to grant financial autonomy to local governments, highlight evolving dynamics and suggest a potential shift in the balance of power. The study applies structural functionalism to understand the roles and relationships between the federal, state, and local governments within Nigeria’s federal framework. This research contributes to the discourse on governance in Nigeria by identifying areas where policy interventions are needed to enhance local government autonomy. Recommendations include institutional reforms to reduce state interference, strengthen financial independence, and foster a more effective local government system capable of meeting the needs of communities. This study underscores the importance of empowering local governments to achieve a more balanced, democratic, and development-oriented federal structure in Nigeria.