In Vitro Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Leaf Extracts

ABSTRACT Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play a vital role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, as such Research into the phytotherapeutic potentials of plants in the treatment of ailments has significantly received attention. Here, using five solvent extracts, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory efficacy and cytotoxic effect the leaf of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Ethanolic extracts of E. camaldulensis was first prepared by maceration and yielded 6.4g. 5.4g of which was fractionated with different solvents in an increasing order of polarity i.e., n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, then methanol. Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging assay, Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by Albumin Denaturation Assay and cytotoxicity activity was assessed against Brine shrimp larvae. the leaf extracts of E. cameldulensis have a potential source of natural antioxidant, while the MeOH extract showed the most promising activity, with an IC50 value 4.785µg/ml close to that of the positive control Ascorbic acid (AA) 0.943µg/ml. Percentage (%) inhibition of anti-inflammatory indicate that the E. cameldulensis leaf extracts have a potential anti-inflammatory effect in a dose-dependant manner, where n-Hexane has the higher anti-inflammatory activity with the least IC50 value of 3.215µg/ml. Similarly the n-Hexane extract is more toxic to the Brine shrimp larvae with LC50 Value of 3.810µg/ml, while the methanol extract was found to have little/no toxic effect having LC50 Value greather than 1000µg/ml. The result of this research support the impact of the Eucarlyptus camaldulensis in the treatment of various ailments and maybe a good Source for developing plant-based pharmaceuticals.