Effects of Acepromazine-Medetomide-Ketamine on the Physiological Parameters in Rabbits

ABSTRACT This research evaluated and compare the physiological effects of two anesthetic combinations, Acepromazine-Ketamine (ACE-KET) and Medetomidine-ketamine (MED-KET), in New Zealand rabbits. A total of ten healthy rabbits were divided into two groups, each receiving one of the two anaesthetic protocols. The physiological parameters monitored included pulse rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, and oxygen saturation (SpO₂), measured at intervals of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes during anaesthesia. Results revealed significant differences between the two protocols. The MED-KET group exhibited pronounced respiratory depression, with respiratory rates dropping significantly compared to the ACE-KET group, although SpO₂ levels remained above 95%, indicating adequate oxygenation. The ACE-KET group showed steadier pulse rates, whereas the MED-KET group demonstrated variability, with higher values observed at specific intervals. Rectal temperature decreased in both groups during anaesthesia, but MED-KET demonstrated better thermoregulation, maintaining relatively stable and higher temperatures compared to ACE-KET. No significant differences were observed in SpO₂ levels between the two groups, confirming the safety of both combinations in maintaining oxygen saturation. These findings underscore the unique effects of each combination, with ACE-KET offering stability in pulse and respiratory rates, while MED-KET provided better thermoregulation and profound sedation. This research provides valuable insights for veterinary practitioners, facilitating the selection of appropriate anaesthetic protocols based on procedural requirements and patient conditions. The results contribute to optimizing anaesthesia in rabbits, ensuring safety, efficacy, and improved welfare during clinical and experimental procedures.