Potential Effects of Ethanolic Extraction of Solanum Tuberosum and Anona Muricata on Liver of Wister Rats Induced With Alloxan

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, which significantly impact liver function. This study investigates the hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic extracts of potato (Solanum tuberosum) and soursop (Annona muricata) leaves on liver enzyme activities in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups; Normal Control (NDC), Diabetic Control (DC), Soursop-treated (SA), Potato Leaf Extract-treated (SB), and Metformin-treated (MET) groups. Liver biomarkers including albumin (ALB), bilirubin (BIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed alongside antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and TP) to assess liver function and oxidative stress. The diabetic control (DC) group exhibited severe liver dysfunction, with significantly elevated ALT (110.55±8.06 U/L), AST (105.40±4.25 U/L), ALP (92.61±2.66 mg/dL), and GGT (39.15±1.29 mg/dL), as well as increased oxidative stress marker MDA (11.43±2.08 mg/g tissue). Additionally, SOD (5.12±0.17 U/mg protein), CAT (2.40±0.05 µmol/min/mg protein), GPx (9.31±1.11 mg/100 mg tissue), and GSH (1.28±0.63 mmole/min/mg protein) were significantly reduced, indicating compromised antioxidant defense. Treatment with potato leaf extract (SB) and soursop extract (SA) significantly improved these parameters. SB-treated rats showed a significant reduction in ALT (68.14±0.72 U/L), AST (71.67±2.43 U/L), ALP (75.34±2.90 mg/dL), and MDA (4.18±0.50 mg/g tissue), while increasing antioxidant levels (SOD: 7.06±0.31, CAT: 5.16±0.26, GPx: 18.08±1.09, and GSH: 6.50±0.72). These improvements were even more pronounced than those observed in the metformin-treated group (MET). These findings suggest that potato leaf extract (SB) and soursop leaf extract (SA) possess strong hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties, with SB showing the most pronounced effects. Their potential as natural therapeutic agents for diabetes-induced liver damage warrants further studies to explore mechanisms of action, optimal dosage, and clinical applicability in humans. Keywords: Diabetes, Liver Enzymes, Ethanolic Extract, Potato Leaves, Soursop Leaves, Oxidative Stress, Alloxan-Induced Rats