Larvicidal Activity of Aqeous Extracts of Neem and Peppermint on Anopheles Mosquito

Mosquito-borne diseases, particularly those transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, pose a significant public health threat. Chemical insecticides, though effective, have led to resistance and environmental concerns. This study investigates the larvicidal potential of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Mentha piperita (Peppermint) as eco-friendly alternatives for mosquito control. The extracts were tested against Anopheles larvae at varying concentrations (30 ml, 50 ml, 70 ml, and 100 ml), and mortality rates were recorded. Results indicate that neem extract exhibited a higher larvicidal effect than peppermint extract. At 100 ml concentration, neem achieved a 75% mortality rate, whereas peppermint resulted in 66.6% mortality. Anopheles larvae were particularly susceptible to neem extract, with mortality increasing progressively with concentration. Neem’s superior efficacy is attributed to its bioactive compounds, such as azadirachtin, which disrupt larval development and led to death. Peppermint extract, though less effective, showed moderate potential due to its menthol and pulegone content. The findings suggested that neem extract is a potent botanical alternative for mosquito control and could play a crucial role in integrated vector management strategies. Using plant-based larvicides can help mitigate the environmental hazards of synthetic insecticides while addressing insecticide resistance. In conclusion Further research is recommended to explore its effectiveness against adult Anopheles mosquitoes and field applications for largescale mosquito control program