Macroinverterbrates Diversity and Relative Abundance in Udus Stream ( Kandola Shella) Wamakko Local Government Area, Sokoto State.

Abstract The Kandola Shella stream supports vital fishing and irrigation activities for the local community. This study evaluated the stream's physicochemical properties and the diversity and relative abundance of macroinvertebrates in September. Key parameters, including pH, temperature, turbidity, depth, velocity, nitrate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and conductivity. were measured using standard methods. Temperature ranged from 33°C to 36°C, pH from 6.57 to 6.63, turbidity from 8.9 to 12.8 NTU, and conductivity from 490 to 498 mg/l. DO levels were 8.7 and 10 mg/l, while BOD5 ranged between 28.7 and 25 mg/l. Nitrate and phosphate concentrations were low, at 0.6-0.9 mg/l and 0.039- 0.04 mg/l, respectively. Depth varied from 44 to 54 cm, with velocities between 10 and 19 seconds over a 10-meter distance. A total of 107 macroinvertebrate species from 10 families were identified. Sampling Point A recorded the highest abundance, with 74 individuals (37.18%), while Point B had 30 species (15.8%). Family Thiaridae was dominant with 84 species, followed by Odonata (Zygoptera) with 8 species, and Lymnaea peregra with 5 species. The least abundant species included Coleoptera, Thalerosphyrus, and Fannia canicularis, each represented by one individual. These findings highlight the stream's biodiversity and environmental conditions.