The Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Nigeria

The study examined the impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Nigeria using annual time-series data for the period 1990-2024. Secondary data was used and sourced from national and international sources like Central Bank Statistical Bulletin (CBN), 2023 Edition and the World Bank Indicator (WDI), 2024 edition. The study set up two models that captured the impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Nigeria and the Causal Relationship between Climate Change and Food Security in Nigeria. The study used Agricultural Outputs as a proxy for food security and Greenhouse Gas Emissions was used as proxy for climate change. In order to examine the hypotheses under the study, the Augmented Dickey Fuller Unit-root test and the bounds test were used to test the time-series properties of the variables, while the Granger Causality Test was used to test for Causal relationship between the dependent and the independent variable. The methodology used in this study is the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model. Findings from the study revealed that climate change have negative but insignificant impacts on food security in Nigeria. Also, no causal relationship exists between climate change and food security as at the time the research work was carried out. In line with these findings, the study recommended among many others that policy makers and the Nigerian government should adopt smart food systems, restructure the irrigation system as well as address other factors that influence the variations on food security and variations on climate change in Nigeria.