Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Gram Negative Bacteria in Cow Urine

Gram-negative bacteria are a significant public health concern due to their ability to cause urinary tract infections, septicemia, and other diseases. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria has further complicated the treatment of these infections. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria in cow urine. A total of 5 cow urine samples is collected in a rural environment named Marafaka, located at Kalgo, in Kebbi State. The samples were cultured on a selective media known as CLED agar. Gram-negative bacteria were identified using biochemical tests, and Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The results showed that 80% of the samples were positive for Gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most common isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that E. coli is sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Nitrofurantoin, Klebsiella. pneumonia is sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone And Gentamicin while Pseudomonas aeruginosa is sensitive to only Gentamicin And Ciprofloxacine and all the isolates are resistance to Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Cotrimozole and Tetracycline. The study highlights the importance of proper handling and disposal of cow urine to prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in cow urine poses a significant public health risk, particularly for individuals who handle or come into contact with cow urine. The study recommends the implementation of strict infection control measures and the development of effective strategies for the prevention and control of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria