Assessment of Fire Safety Management in Libraries of Higher Institution

ABSTRACT
Fire safety management is an essential component of ensuring the protection of lives and property in higher institutions. This study evaluates the fire safety measures in place across three higher institution namely: Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (UDUS), Sokoto State University (SSU), and College of education Sokoto (COE). The research investigates the adequacy of fire prevention systems, preparedness of staff and students, and the efficiency of emergency response protocols within these institutions. Data collection involved structured questionnaires, interviews with key stakeholders, and on-site inspections of fire safety facilities such as fire extinguishers, alarms, and emergency exits. Findings reveal disparities in the level of fire safety compliance, with UDUS exhibiting moderate adherence to safety standards, while SSU and COE show areas requiring significant improvement. Notable challenges include outdated fire-fighting equipment, lack of regular safety drills, and limited awareness among staff and students regarding fire safety protocols. The study concludes that while some progress has been made in implementing fire safety measures, substantial gaps remain. Recommendations include the periodic maintenance and upgrading of fire safety equipment, mandatory training programs for staff and students, and the establishment of dedicated fire safety units within each institution to enhance preparedness and response. This research highlights the critical need for proactive fire safety management to safeguard the academic community and infrastructure.