Effects of Chloroform Extract of Tamarindus Indica Seed on Some Enzymes from Naja Nigricollis Venom

Student: Manasseh Shaaji Yunusa (Project, 2025)
Department of Biochemistry
Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of chloroform fraction of Tamarindus indica seed extract to have antivenom properties against Naja nigricollis venom. Phytochemical analysis revealed high concentration of phenols (602.78± 1.17 mg/100g) and flavonoids (54.24±0.90 mg/100g) in the extract. The extract demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, with a maximum ferric reducing antioxidant power of 83.05±0.69% at 100µg/mL (IC50 = 35.18 µg/mL). Additionally, the extract exhibited inhibitory effects on key snake venom components: phospholipase A2 (66.98% inhibition at 100 µg/mL, IC50 = 66.77 µg/mL), L-amino acid oxidase (47.4% inhibition at 100µg/ml, IC50 = 99.61µg/mL), protease (64.22% inhibition at 100µg/mL, IC50 = 75.59µg/mL), and acetylcholinesterase (58.08% inhibition at 100µg/mL, IC50 = 76.48µg/mL). These findings suggest that chloroform fraction of T. indica seed extract may offer a promising plant-based approach to mitigating the effects of snake venom, potentially addressing limitations of current antivenom treatments, particularly in managing venom- induced oxidative stress.

Keywords
snake venom inhibition effects chloroform tamarindus indica naja nigricollis antivenom antioxidant oxidative stress
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