Geo-Spatial Analysis of Public Health Facilities in Birnin Kebbi Metropolis

This research study examines the geospatial distribution of public health facilities within the Birnin Kebbi metropolis, the capital city of Kebbi State, Nigeria, using nearest neighbor analysis. The objective is to investigate the spatial accessibility and equity of public healthcare services for the local population.
The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining geographic information systems (GIS) analysis and field-based data collection. Geospatial data on the locations of public health facilities, including hospitals, clinics, and health centers, were obtained from government sources and mapped using GIS software. The nearest neighbor analysis was conducted to assess the spatial distribution patterns of the healthcare facilities.
Additionally, primary data on facility characteristics, service provision, and utilization patterns were gathered through on-site surveys and interviews with healthcare personnel and community members.
The key finding of the study is that the public health facilities in the Birnin Kebbi metropolis exhibit a dispersed spatial distribution pattern, as revealed by the nearest neighbor analysis. This indicates a more equitable distribution of healthcare resources across the metropolis, in contrast to the typically observed clustered patterns.
However, the study also identified challenges in accessibility and equity, where many residents, particularly those in peripheral areas, face barriers in accessing public healthcare services due to long travel distances, inadequate transportation options, and financial constraints. Additionally, gaps in service provision and resource allocation were observed, suggesting the need for improvements in the overall healthcare system.
The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and urban planners to build upon the dispersed distribution pattern and address the identified challenges. Strategies include the strategic placement of new facilities, improved transportation linkages, resource allocation based on population needs, and community-based initiatives to enhance healthcare accessibility and equity within the Birnin Kebbi metropolis.