Antibiotics Resistance Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Samples (urine and Wound Swab)

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens poses a serious global health concern, particularly in developing countries where diagnostic and surveillance capacities are limited. This study investigates the antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from clinical samples—specifically urine and wound swabs—collected from patients presenting with urinary tract infections (UTIs) and wound infections. A total of 100 samples were analyzed using standard microbiological techniques including Gram staining, culture, biochemical tests, and the disk diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing. The results revealed a high incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most frequently isolated bacteria. Notably, resistance was highest against commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole, while relatively lower resistance was observed for gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. The findings highlight the urgent need for rational antibiotic use, improved infection control practices, and continuous surveillance to curb the spread of resistant strains. This study contributes valuable data to inform empirical treatment guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship programs in clinical settings.