Effects of Poultry Effluent on Biochemical Processes in Aquatic Plants and Water Quality

AbstractThis study examined the effects of poultry effluent on biochemical processes in Water Leaf plants (Talinum triangulare) and water quality at Adodo River, Owode Ede, Osun State, Nigeria. Plant samples were collected from three locations relative to the effluent discharge point: upstream, discharge point, and downstream. Analysis revealed significant alterations in phytochemical composition, with peak alkaloid content (19.22±0.04%) at the discharge point. Metal analysis showed elevated calcium (32.16±0.01%) and magnesium (96.06±0.08%) concentrations, alongside concerning lead levels (0.26±0.00%) at the discharge point. Chlorophyll content variations indicated modified photosynthetic efficiency under effluent exposure. The study also examined water quality parameters, which showed significant alterations at the effluent discharge point, with elevated alkalinity (340.00 mg/l), increased nitrate nitrogen (0.48 mg/l), and higher total non-filtrable solids (218.6 mg/l) compared to reference points. These changes, along with variations in pH and other physicochemical parameters, demonstrated the substantial impact of poultry effluent on water quality, though some natural attenuation was observed downstreamThe study recommends implementing integrated waste management systems, establishing vegetative buffer zones, conducting regular monitoring programs, and enforcing stricter effluent discharge standards. These findings contribute to understanding poultry effluent's environmental impact and developing sustainable management strategies.Keywords: Poultry effluent; Water Leaf plants (Talinum triangulare); Biochemical processes; Heavy metals; Phytochemicals; Water quality; Environmental impact; Waste management