Slip-Resistance Characteristics of a Shoe-Sole on Some Common Floor Surfaces

Student: Cynthia Opeyemi Bankole (Project, 2025)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State

Abstract

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the slip resistance of porcelain tile and polished concrete floors under dry, wet, and soapy conditions, using new and worn-out slipper soles. Measurements were conducted with the British Pendulum Tester (BPT), and results were analyzed based on Pendulum Test Values (PTV).
The findings indicate that slip resistance was highest under dry conditions, with polished concrete achieving a mean PTV of 63.8 and porcelain tile 55.4. In wet conditions, resistance decreased to 43.8 for polished concrete and 36.4 for porcelain tile. The greatest reduction occurred under soapy conditions, with PTVs dropping to 22.0 and 15.8, respectively, indicating a high slip risk. Footwear condition significantly influenced traction, as new treaded soles consistently provided better grip, whereas worn-out soles posed an increase in slip hazard, especially on wet and soapy porcelain tile.
To enhance safety in moisture areas, the study recommends anti-slip treatments, appropriate footwear selection, and regular floor maintenance. The results highlight the importance of surface texture and sole design in mitigating slip hazards, providing valuable insights for improving safety in public and workplace environments.

Keywords
slip-resistance shoe-sole common floor surfaces
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