The Application of Matrix in Data Analysis

Student: HAPPINESS AISHATU ALERU (Project, 2025)
Department of Mathematics and Statistics
University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State

Abstract

Matrices are fundamental to many data analysis techniques, serving as the backbone for operations
such as dimensionality reduction, regression analysis, and machine learning. This study explored the
application of matrix theory to data analysis, emphasizing its role in transforming, interpreting, and
extracting meaningful insights from large datasets. It highlighted key computational methods, particu-
larly Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), to demonstrate
how matrix-based techniques enable efficient data representation and simplification. Through a com-
bination of theoretical insights and practical implementations using Python programming, the study
illustrates the power of matrices in uncovering patterns, reducing noise, and improving interpretability
in high-dimensional data. Python programming was employed to showcase real-world applications,
highlighting the synergy between matrix computations and modern data science tools. The results
from the study underscores the versatility of matrix methods in addressing challenges associated with
large, high dimensional datasets, especially dimensionality reduction, offering a pathway for efficient
and accurate data-driven decision-making. Thus, reinforcing the importance of matrix theory as a
cornerstone of contemporary data analysis.

Keywords
analysis matrix application matrices techniques dimensionality reduction theory insights large
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