The Effect of Child Protection Agencies in Nigeria: a Study of Borstal Training Institute, Ilorin

ABSTRACT
In recent years, children in Nigeria have continued to face significant violations of their rights due to weak enforcement of child protection policies, despite the existence of legal frameworks such as the Child Rights Act and various international treaties. Against the backdrop of inadequate care, rising juvenile delinquency, and systemic neglect, this study critically examined the effect of child protection agencies in Nigeria, using the Borstal Training Institute in Ganmo, Ilorin, as a case study. The study was driven by three specific objectives: to assess the effectiveness of the Borstal Institute in protecting children's rights and welfare, to identify the challenges faced by juveniles in accessing child protection services, and to explore strategic measures to improve the institution’s effectiveness.
The study employed a descriptive survey research design and was conducted within the premises of the Borstal Training Institute, Ilorin. The target population comprised 188 individuals, including juvenile inmates, correctional officers, and administrative staff. Using stratified and simple random sampling techniques, a total sample of 128 respondents was selected. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and linear regression to test three hypotheses.
The findings revealed that the Borstal Training Institute has a statistically significant but limited effect on child protection rights and welfare (p < 0.05). It was also found that children face significant challenges in accessing child protection policies, including stigmatization, inadequate legal support, and minimal family involvement. However, respondents strongly endorsed strategies like staff training, improved vocational programs, and psychosocial support as necessary interventions.
The study concluded that while Borstal institutions play a pivotal role in child protection, systemic gaps must be addressed for optimal impact. It recommends multi-stakeholder interventions, policy enforcement, and capacity-building. Future studies should consider longitudinal and comparative research across multiple institutions for broader generalization.