Proximate and Phytochemical Composition of Balanites Aegyptiaca Leaves Extracts

Student: Atika Rambo Usman (Project, 2025)
Department of Biology
Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Sokoto State

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Due to growing awareness of synthetic drugs and chemicals in terms of their harmful effects and toxicity, the use of plants products has recently attracted attention of global scale. Balanites aegyptiaca (desert date) is one of these plants mostly found in many African countries, which affordable, effective and safe to use, due the presence of nutrients phytochemical in it. This aims to analyze the proximate and phytochemical compositions of Balanites aegyptiaca leaf extract to explore its nutritional and medicinal potential. The leaves were collected, air-dried and pulverized into fine powder. The proximate analysis, including moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, fat and carbohydrate contents, was determined using standard analytical procedure, results of proximate analysis showed that carbohydrate was the highest (54.25%). Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the presence of bioactive compound such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycoside using qualitative and quantitative techniques. Phytochemical analysis revealed the tannin was the highest (7.34±80.053). The overall study showed that desert date is enriched with bioactive compound and nutritional compound with a good pharmaceutical value.

Keywords
phytochemical proximate balanites aegyptiaca analysis compound leaves plants desert presence
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