Optimization Studies on the Biodegradation of Polyethylene by Corynebacterium Species

Plastic pollution is a major environmental issue due to the persistence of synthetic polymers in ecosystems. Traditional disposal methods such as landfilling, incineration, and recycling have proven inadequate in managing plastic waste effectively. This study explores microbial biodegradation as an alternative approach, focusing on the optimization of polyethylene degradation by Corynebacterium spp. under different pH conditions. Corynebacterium spp. was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil and cultivated in a mineral salt medium (MSM) with polyethylene as the sole carbon source. The bacterial growth, pH variations, and weight loss of polyethylene samples were monitored over a 30-day period. Results showed that bacterial growth was highest at pH 8 and pH 9, indicating that alkaline conditions favor the metabolic activity of Corynebacterium spp. However, minimal weight loss of polyethylene samples was observed, suggesting limited degradation under the tested conditions. These findings highlight the potential of Corynebacterium spp. for polyethylene biodegradation but suggest that additional optimization strategies, such as pre-treatment, co-culturing with other microbes, or genetic modifications, may be required to enhance efficiency. Further research is needed to improve bacterial plastic degradation for sustainable waste management.