Impact of Overcrowding on the Effectiveness of Teaching Methods in Economics: a Case Study of Selected Secondary Schools in Kabala Doki W Ard 5, Kaduna North L.g.a.

Student: Hassanat Aguda Ajadi (Project, 2025)
Department of Economics Education
Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of overcrowding on the effectiveness of teaching methods in economics within selected senior secondary schools in Kabala Doki Ward 5, Kaduna State. Overcrowding, characterized by high student-to-teacher ratios, poses significant challenges to the implementation of interactive and participatory teaching methods essential for effective economics instruction. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 160 students and 40 teachers, determined through the Yamane formula, ensuring a representative sample. The study explores how overcrowded classrooms hinder teacher-student interactions, limit the use of innovative teaching strategies, and negatively impact students' academic performance and engagement. Key findings highlight that overcrowding forces reliance on traditional lecture methods, reducing opportunities for group discussions and personalized feedback. Additionally, it exacerbates teacher burnout and diminishes overall teaching effectiveness. To address these challenges, the study recommends increased teacher recruitment, infrastructure expansion, and the integration of digital learning tools. The findings underscore the need for targeted policy interventions to improve learning outcomes in overcrowded educational settings.

Keywords
impact overcrowding effectiveness teaching methods economics selected secondary schools kabala
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