Analysis of Some Vegetable Oil Brands Sold Ni nigeria

The **chemical analyses** of eight samples of Nigeria-based vegetable oils were carried out. The samples were purchased from both supermarkets and local markets in Nigeria. The oils were evaluated for **acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, saponification value, free fatty acid (FFA)** content, and **vitamin A** content. All analyses were conducted in triplicate, and the mean values were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using the **Least Significant Difference (LSD) test** at **p < 0.05** to determine the level of significance.

The results revealed that the **acid values** were generally high across all vegetable oil samples, with **Favor Vegetable Oil** recording the highest value (10.30 mg/g) and **Consume Vegetable Oil** having the lowest (10.10 mg/g). The **peroxide values** of all the vegetable oils were within the acceptable range, with **Kings Vegetable Oil** showing a value of **2.72 mg/g** and **Soybean Oil** having the lowest at **2.14 mg/g**.

The **iodine values** were relatively low—**53.1 mg/g**, **54.44 mg/g**, and **54.2 mg/g**—but still within the standard range. The **saponification values** were also low across all samples, with **Kings Oil** having the highest value (**126.8 KOH/g**) and **Laziz Oil** having the lowest (**124.6 KOH/g**). The **free fatty acid (FFA)** levels were low in all samples, as the highest value (**7.37%** for **Mamador Oil**) remained below the **CODEX standard** limit for FFA.

The results further revealed that **vitamin A** was **absent in all the samples**, indicating that none of the oils were fortified with vitamin A, contrary to the manufacturers’ claims.

In conclusion, the **quality of the various vegetable oil samples** analyzed shows that the **standard has been compromised**, especially among the most commonly consumed brands. Therefore, **further assessment by NAFDAC** is strongly recommended to regulate and enforce food quality standards for vegetable oils in Nigeria.