Evaluation of Inverter Power Losses and Its Overall Impact on the Solar System

Human life depends on energy, which lead to the growing demand for renewable energy has
increased interest in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, but efficiency challenges, particularly
inverter power losses, remain a concern. This study evaluates inverter power losses and their
impact on solar PV systems using MATLAB-based simulations and experimental analysis. Key
factors such as heat generation, parasitic resistances, switching losses, and conduction losses were
investigated under varying load conditions, temperature fluctuations, and irradiance levels.
Findings show that load balance and ambient temperature significantly affect inverter efficiency.
At 80% load, the inverter experienced substantial power losses, with energy surplus dropping to
659.91 J. Temperature variations further impacted efficiency, with peak ambient temperatures
reaching 31.8°C and inverter load temperatures rising to 36.7°C. Poor load distribution and high
temperatures led to increased energy losses, while MATLAB simulations suggested that
optimizing thermal regulation could enhance inverter efficiency by up to 10%. This study
highlights the need for advanced inverter technologies with better cooling mechanisms, adaptive
load balancing, and improved semiconductor materials. Addressing inverter losses is essential for
reducing operating costs, maximizing solar PV efficiency, and promoting sustainable energy
solutions. These findings provide valuable insights for engineers, researchers, and policymakers
working to improve the reliability and performance of solar energy systems.