Design and Fabrication of a Biodiesel Reactor for Extraction of Biodiesel from Waste Vegetable Oil

This project details the design, development, fabrication and testing processes of a reactor aimed at the production of biodiesel from waste vegetable oil. Additionally, it encompasses the characterization of the resulting biodiesel to ensure product quality. The reactor was developed to optimize the transesterification process, ensuring high yield and quality of biodiesel while maintaining economic feasibility. From a batch process consisting of 10 liters of waste vegetable oil being the feedstock, 2 liters of ethanol, and 60 grams of sodium hydroxide as the catalyst, all reacting, we realized 8 liters of biodiesel and about 1.5 liters of glycerin as product. Performance test indicated a biodiesel yield of 80% with the product meeting ASTM D6751 standards for density and kinematic viscosity. The use of waste vegetable oil as feedstock not only provides a cost-effective feedstock but also contributes to waste reduction and environmental sustainability. Key design features include efficient mixing mechanisms and separation techniques, Bill of engineering measurement and evaluation demonstrated a favorable return on investment, highlighting the potential for scalability and widespread adoption. The use of waste vegetable oil not only provides a cost-effective feedstock but also contributes to waste reduction and environmental sustainability. This project paves the way for future advancements in biodiesel production technology, offering a viable solution to the growing demand for renewable energy sources. Recommendations for further improvements include feedstock pre-treatment, community engagement, scalability, life cycle assessment, and process automation to enhance efficiency and product consistency. The reactor design represents a significant step towards recycling and production of sustainable and economically viable alternative fuels.