Chemical Constituent and Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil from Dried Unripe Citrus Reticulata
Student: Oluwadamilola Temitope Saka (Project, 2025)
Department of Chemistry
University of Ilorin, Kwara State
Abstract
Pulverized dried peels of Citrus reticulata (500g) were subjected to hydrodistillation for
four hours using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The resulting essential oil was analyzed
using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and its insecticidal properties
were evaluated through a contact toxicity bioassay against adult bean weevils
(Callosobruchus maculatus). The distillation process yielded 1.272% (w/w) of essential
oil. GC-MS analysis revealed that monoterpenoids constituted the major portion of the
oil, making up 99.6% of its composition. The dominant compounds identified D-
limonene (93.3%) and sabinene (2.1%). The oil demonstrated significant insecticidal
activity, causing mortality in the exposed insects. These findings suggest that the oil may
serve as a potential natural alternative to synthetic insecticides for controlling storage
pests.
Keywords
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- Abdul-Gusau Polytechnic, Talata-Mafara, Zamfara State 3
- Abia State Polytechnic, Aba, Abia State 24
- Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State 71
- Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Igbo, Ogun State 3
- Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State 15
- Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi State. (affiliated To Atbu Bauchi) 1
- Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State 6
- Adamawa State University, Mubi, Adamawa State 8
- Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State 26
- Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State 1