Chemical Constituent and Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil from Dried Unripe Citrus Reticulata
Student: Oluwadamilola Temitope Saka (Project, 2025)
Department of Chemistry
University of Ilorin, Kwara State
Abstract
Pulverized dried peels of Citrus reticulata (500g) were subjected to hydrodistillation for
four hours using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The resulting essential oil was analyzed
using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and its insecticidal properties
were evaluated through a contact toxicity bioassay against adult bean weevils
(Callosobruchus maculatus). The distillation process yielded 1.272% (w/w) of essential
oil. GC-MS analysis revealed that monoterpenoids constituted the major portion of the
oil, making up 99.6% of its composition. The dominant compounds identified D-
limonene (93.3%) and sabinene (2.1%). The oil demonstrated significant insecticidal
activity, causing mortality in the exposed insects. These findings suggest that the oil may
serve as a potential natural alternative to synthetic insecticides for controlling storage
pests.
Keywords
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- HASSAN USMAN KATSINA POLYTECHNIC (NCE), KATSINA, KATSINA STATE 4
- Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic, Katsina, Katsina State 5
- Heritage Polytechnic, Ikot Udota, Akwa Ibom State 46
- Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic, Kazaure, Jigawa State 8
- Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State 24
- Igbinedion University, Okada, Benin City, Edo State 2
- Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Rivers State 8
- Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo, Owerri, Imo State 2
- Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State 45
- Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State 11