Chemical Constituent and Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil from Dried Unripe Citrus Reticulata
Student: Oluwadamilola Temitope Saka (Project, 2025)
Department of Chemistry
University of Ilorin, Kwara State
Abstract
Pulverized dried peels of Citrus reticulata (500g) were subjected to hydrodistillation for
four hours using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The resulting essential oil was analyzed
using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and its insecticidal properties
were evaluated through a contact toxicity bioassay against adult bean weevils
(Callosobruchus maculatus). The distillation process yielded 1.272% (w/w) of essential
oil. GC-MS analysis revealed that monoterpenoids constituted the major portion of the
oil, making up 99.6% of its composition. The dominant compounds identified D-
limonene (93.3%) and sabinene (2.1%). The oil demonstrated significant insecticidal
activity, causing mortality in the exposed insects. These findings suggest that the oil may
serve as a potential natural alternative to synthetic insecticides for controlling storage
pests.
Keywords
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- Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Kebbi State 6
- Kenule Benson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Rivers State 18
- Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Kogi State 4
- Kogi State University, Anyigba 2
- Kwara State College of Health Technology, offa, Kwara State 9
- Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, Kwara State 20
- Kwara State University, Malete, Ilorin, Kwara State 13
- Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State 39
- Lagos State Poly, Ikorodu, Lagos State 2
- Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State 7